Dans son interview à Canal Plus le 3 juin dernier avant d’aller au Moyen-Orient, d’abord en Arabie Saoudite, puis au Caire où il a adressé un discours de haute qualité et de consensus, [discours aussi important pour certains analystes politiques que le magnifique discours De la race en Amérique prononcé à Philadelphie quelques jours après la controverse suscitée par les propos du pasteur Jeremiah Wright], Barack Obama a indiqué qu’avec le nombre d’habitants se déclarant de l’islam, les Etats-Unis serait un des plus grand pays musulman du monde.
Cette affirmation est très exagérée et peut-être qualifiée de fausse. Le quotidien St Petersburg Times de la ville éponyme de Floride s’est fait une spécialité de vérifier un certain nombre de déclarations à l’aune des faits. C’est le Truth-O-Meter ou l’outil de mesure de la vérité.
D’abord, il semblerait qu’il n’existe aucun comptage précis du nombre de musulmans aux Etats-Unis. Selon l’Islamic Information Center, un organisme d’éducation sur l’islam, ils seraient quelque 8 millions. Selon le site Web NationMaster.com, ils seraient plutôt 6 millions. Enfin, selon le CIA Online Word Factbook, ils ne seraient que 0,6% de la population américaine soit 1,8 million.
En se basant sur la classification faite par la CIA, il existe une soixantaine de pays musulmans dans le monde. Dans l’ordre, l’Indonésie (206 millions), le Pakistan (176), l’Inde (156), le Bangladesh (129) et la Turquie (76). On remarquera que Barack Obama s’est adressé au monde musulman et que les 5 plus importants pays musulmans ne sont pas des pays arabes.
Si l’on retient le chiffre de 8 millions, les Etats-Unis seraient donc au 29e rang. Avec 6 millions, ils tomberaient à la 37e place. Enfin, avec 1,8 million, ils ne seraient plus que 58e sur 60.
L’affirmation de Barack Obama est donc très largement au-delà de la vérité. C’est là sans doute un moyen pour changer la perception qu’ont les musulmans sur les Etats-Unis.
L’interview de Barack Obama sur Canal Plus
[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4quEKZEoYo&hl=fr&fs=1&]
Ci-dessous la transcription en anglais de cette interview.
INTERVIEW OF THE PRESIDENT BY LAURA HAIM, CANAL PLUS
June 1, 2009
Q Bonjour, Mr. President.
THE PRESIDENT: Bonjour.
Q Thank you so much to welcome Canal Plus on I-Television for this first interview granted to the French press.
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you.
Q We really appreciate it. Before we begin today, there was a terrible tragedy in France with this plane. The French people are requesting assistance from the American people. Is there anything you want to say about it, sir?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, obviously we’re heartbroken by the news, although we don’t yet know exactly what happened. Anytime there’s an aviation problem, I think all of us are concerned.
The United States wants to provide every assistance possible in investing what’s happened. Obviously, until we know all the facts, I can’t comment too much on the specifics. But I’m sure that those families who are waiting to find out what happened are going through a very difficult time right now, and my thoughts and prayers are with them.
Q I’m sure they will appreciate that, sir. Thank you so much for them.
Tomorrow we’re leaving for the Middle East. It’s going to be your first trip there. What do you want to achieve with this trip?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, we’re going to be travelling to Saudi Arabia; I’ll be having discussions with King Abdullah. And then we’ll travel to Cairo, in which I am delivering on a promise I made during the campaign to provide a framework, a speech of how I think we can remake relations between the United States and countries in the Muslim world.
Now, I think it’s very important to understand that one speech is not going to solve all the problems in the Middle East. And so I think expectations should be somewhat modest.
What I want to do is to create a better dialogue so that the Muslim world understands more effectively how the United States but also how the West thinks about many of these difficult issues like terrorism, like democracy, to discuss the framework for what’s happened in Iraq and Afghanistan and our outreach to Iran, and also how we view the prospects for peace between the Israelis and the Palestinians.
Now, the flip side is I think that the United States and the West generally, we have to educate ourselves more effectively on Islam. And one of the points I want to make is, is that if you actually took the number of Muslims Americans, we’d be one of the largest Muslim countries in the world. And so there’s got to be a better dialogue and a better understanding between the two peoples.
Q You’re always speaking about dialogue. How can you do that with the young people who sometimes are very tempted by extremists? Does you — as, you know, kind of a new President of the United States, what do you want to tell them, the young people?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, you know, I think the most important thing I want to tell young people is that, regardless of your faith, those who build as opposed to those who destroy I think leave a lasting legacy, not only for themselves but also for their nations. And the impulse towards destruction as opposed to how can we study science and mathematics and restore the incredible scientific and knowledge — the output that came about during centuries of Islamic culture —
Q Do you think it’s easy, Mr. President?
THE PRESIDENT: — I think that has to — I think that has to be lifted up. And you’re seeing some countries I think that are making more investments in education. I think the importance of educating women has to be something that’s emphasized. If you look at indicators of human development across the board, those where girls are getting a chance for an education end up being more economically productive. How to reconcile this with some of the traditional values and norms of Islam, that’s not for me to dictate, but certainly I think it’s something that can be accomplished, and I want to encourage that.
Q When I met you on the campaign, you were telling me that you wanted to organize a Muslim summit. Do you still have that in mind?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, you know, this is a start of what I think will be a long-term process. We’ll have a speech, we’ll have a roundtable discussion. It will give an opportunity I think for people around the world to engage in this discussion. It will be telecast in a wide variety of languages on our White House Web site, whitehouse.gov. And my hope is, is that as a consequence you start seeing discussions not just at the presidential level, but at every level of life. And I hope I can spark some dialogue and debate within the Muslim world, because I think there’s a real struggle right now between those who believe that Islam is irreconcilable to modern life and those who believe that actually Islam has always been able to move side by side with progress.
Q During this trip, you’re going also to Germany and to France for the D-Day. How can you qualify the nature of the relationship between the French people and the American people, and also between the two Presidents?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I’ve had a wonderful relationship with President Sarkozy. And we had a wonderful visit when we were there the last time in Strasbourg. And this time I’m sure we’ll have very productive bilateral relations.
France is one of the most important countries in the world and helps to set trends in how we deal with everything from climate change to the global recession. And President Sarkozy I think has been very courageous in some of the decisions that he’s made: his willingness to stand very firm in the need to deal with Afghanistan, and his encouragement of tough direct diplomacy with Iran. I think those are areas where he’s shown excellent leadership. So I think the American people continue to love all things French and —
Q What do you love about France, if I may ask?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, let’s see. We got the food. We’ve got the — we’ve got Paris. We’ve got the south of France — Provence — the wine.
Q The wine? Did you go to Provence?
THE PRESIDENT: You know, I have travelled through the south of France when I was in college. I haven’t been back for a long time. And so I need to — I need to get back there.
Q Just a serious question before the last one, because we don’t have a lot of time. What do you expect from the French people, the French government, about Afghanistan, precisely? Do you want them to have more troops?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I think we’ve put forward a framework, after having done a strategic review, of all the steps that need to be taken — not just militarily, but also diplomatically, as well as — in terms of development in Afghanistan. Our main goal is to have a Afghan government that can deal with its security needs, but can assure that Afghanistan is not a safe haven. And if we can accomplish that, then we would love to get out of there as soon as possible.
In the meantime, there is going to need to be some military support for the elections for basic security in many of these villages. We have provided a lot of troops. We expect all our NATO partners to contribute to that. But that’s not the only contribution to make. We also need agricultural specialists. We need gendarmes to help train the police. We need people who understand water systems and electrical systems. So there’s more than enough work to do, and I’m very pleased so far that the NATO community feels I think unified in the approach that we’ve put forward.
Q Last question. You’re loved by a lot of French people. They really see you as a model. What do you want again to say to the young people who are inspired by you and who are going through a very difficult time at this moment?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, you know, I think that the main thing I always want to tell young people is that if they work hard and they aren’t constrained by the status quo, by what has happened before, then they can remake the world. Now, I think that they have to do it in a responsible way.
I think — when I was young, certainly, I thought I could change the world overnight and that I didn’t have to necessarily make all the sacrifices needed to do it — so nothing comes easy. But transmitting to young people the sense that this is really their world for the making and that on issues like climate change or economic inequality or how do we deal with world health issues or how do we deal with conflict, that in all these areas, creating a more peaceful, prosperous world is up to them. That’s what I want to encourage.
Q That’s your dream, Mr. President?
THE PRESIDENT: Yes.
Q Last question.
THE PRESIDENT: You’ve already had —
Q No, last question — (laughter) — a little one. Do you speak French? That’s my last question.
THE PRESIDENT: My French is terrible. I studied it in high school, and I just forgot it. Michelle, I think, speaks a little French.
Q She’s coming with you?
THE PRESIDENT: She will be there. I’m not — I think she’s definitely coming to Normandy with us. And then I think she may be staying in Paris for a few days.
Q Not one more in French, Mr. President. (Laughter.)
THE PRESIDENT: I need to work on my French.
Q Thank you so much. I really appreciate it. Merci beaucoup. It’s a pleasure.
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you so much.